Tim
Burton’s “Dark Shadows:” A Gothic Revival or A Contemporary Parody?
Tim Burton’s remake of the 1960’s television series,
“Dark Shadows” starring Johnny Depp is, at least at first glance, authentically
gothic. Shortly after arriving in America, the protagonist, Barnabas Collins
(played by Johnny Depp), inherits both a town that bears his family name,
Collinsport, and his family’s quintessentially gothic mansion, Collinwood
Manor. Carrying on the family name after the suspicious death of his parents, Barnabas
Collins is young, wealthy and powerful; Barnabas does as he pleases with
whomever he pleases, whenever he pleases. His extravagant and wanton lifestyle
however does not come without consequences. After playing with the heart of a
girl who is later revealed to be a daemonic witch, Barnabas is forced to suffer
the death of his truly beloved- a death he is essentially responsible for.
Despite his sexual relationship with the witch, Angelique, Barnabas refuses to
pronounce his love for her saying, “I would only be telling a lie.” Barnabas’
refusal incites Angelique to doom the young girl who is the sole object of
Barnabas’ true affections to an untimely death. Through witchcraft, Angelique induces
the girl to throw herself off of a high, overhanging cliff. In an attempt to
save his beloved, Barnabas’ fate is also sealed as he dives off the cliff as
well. Because of his ‘undying’ love for the young girl, Angelique condemns
Barnabas to a fate far worse than death-she turns him into a vampire so that he
can suffer for eternity and “live in the shadows for all time.” Angelique then
buries Barnabas alive.
After two centuries, Barnabas emerges from his deathly
resting place and returns to his cherished Manor-Collinwood. The year of
Barnabas’ emergence is 1972 and much has changed since his burial; the grand
manor of the Collins family is now in near shambles- the dilapidation of which
reflecting the demise of the Collin’s Family itself in the greater social
hierarchy. Whereas the Collins Family name was all powerful at the time of
Barnabas’ damnation, it is now a social disgrace and, much to his surprise, the
family name of Barnabas’ tormenter carries all the social authority. Barnabas reconnects with his lineage and
works to both restore both Collinwood Manor and, more importantly, the Collins
Family name. To do so however, Barnabas must once again encounter (and this
time defeat) the daemonic powers of Angelique; all while grappling with the
unknown social reality of the contemporary world.
Along with archetypal images such as ghosts, the
gothic castle, and a tyrannical figure, the Gothic genre is defined by themes
of “imprisonment and escape, the power of the past to impinge on the present,
class distinctions, and obsessive concern with the family line and inheritance”
(Tannenbaum). Burton’s film undoubtedly provides its audience with all of these
gothic motifs. Barnabas’ character story and the Collinwood Manor itself
provide poignant examples of the Gothic- Barnabas is buried alive and escapes
two centuries later, thereby (quite literally) embodying the impingement of the
past on the present. His ensuing battle with the tyrannical Angelique is rooted
in a concern for his Family name/inheritance, and Collinwood Manor, in addition
to being the epitome of a Gothic castle, is inhabited by an array of
supernatural figures. Both the underlying story-line and the imagery employed
by Burton therefore seem to be undoubtedly Gothic. What about everything in
between though? The setting (1972) and the character relationships are
overwhelmingly contemporary with much of the comic relief coming from
references to contemporary culture. For example, Barnabas simply does not know
what to make of a television set and his relationships to his family members
are especially comical in that much of what is said between them is “lost in
translation.” With much of the film hinging on contemporary culture, what can
be said, then, about the seemingly authentic gothic elements nevertheless seen
throughout the work? It seems that the contemporaneity of the film does, to a
certain extent, undercut the authenticity of the nods toward the gothic,
thereby parodying the genre. In fact, as aforementioned, much of the content
centers around the disconnect between the past and the present-portraying the
past as comically outdated and unusual. Being that the past itself is mocked in
Burton’s film, is the past literary genre of Gothicism likewise evoked solely
for purposes of artistic mockery and parody?
I saw this movie over the weekend, and I couldn't help but think of our class the whole time! The moments that you pointed out, where Burton plays the gothic "straight," really stood out to me, too. I personally didn't like the movie, partially because it struggled to find a consistent tone, and I think a lot of this is due to its ambivalence toward the gothic. Overall, I don't think the film is meant to be a strict gothic or a strict parody. Even as it parodies the more over-the-top melodramatic nature of the gothic (see: the entire opening), the essential darkness of the gothic is present in several "modern" (1970s) scenes: parents locking their daughter in an insane asylum, a father abandoning his son for money, our supposed hero brutally murdering innocent people, etc. I think the film evokes the gothic past to show that, despite the obvious and humorous distinctions between past and present, the "dark side" of human nature persists and thus the gothic remains relevant.
ReplyDeleteI saw this movie over the weekend, and I couldn't help but think of our class the whole time! The moments that you pointed out, where Burton plays the gothic "straight," really stood out to me, too. I personally didn't like the movie, partially because it struggled to find a consistent tone, and I think a lot of this is due to its ambivalence toward the gothic. Overall, I don't think the film is meant to be a strict gothic or a strict parody. Even as it parodies the more over-the-top melodramatic nature of the gothic (see: the entire opening), the essential darkness of the gothic is present in several "modern" (1970s) scenes: parents locking their daughter in an insane asylum, a father abandoning his son for money, our supposed hero brutally murdering innocent people, etc. I think the film evokes the gothic past to show that, despite the obvious and humorous distinctions between past and present, the "dark side" of human nature persists and thus the gothic remains relevant.
ReplyDeleteI’ll be honest – I haven’t seen the movie - but your description of it makes me want to see it even though when I saw the trailer a few months ago, I thought the movie looked less than worthwhile. Your questions about the authenticity of the film’s gothic elements and the artistic intentions of the filmmakers are ones that I’ll keep in mind when I see the film someday, but until then the questions made me wonder about the role of Gothicism currently.
ReplyDeleteAs in, I wonder how much popular opinion affected the direction the filmmakers chose to take the gothic elements. This movie could have been very dark, but instead it’s a comedy with dark elements. The darker film definitely would have been intended for a much smaller audience, as films are intended to give some sort of pleasure to the viewer and a purely gothic film would probably be too much for most people. So instead we get this lighthearted gothic – which leads back to the question of whether the film mocks gothic or just attempts to entertain the public in a lighthearted way while telling a gothic story. Either way, at least it’s not Twilight.